What is a cell?

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A cell is a base transceiver service area as seen by the mobile station (MS). A cell uses a specific set of frequencies.
  
There are two  types of cells:

Omni cells:
An omni cell is a cell where the antenna transmits omni-directional. The coverage area of an omni cell is in principle a hexagon/circle, but in reality a rough pattern.

Sector cells:
A sector cell is a cell where the antenna transmits directional. 
Examples of sector cell types are:
-           2-sector cells (e.g. for highways)
-           3-sector cells.

The following figure shows examples of different cell types


  Sector vs. omni cells

Advantages of sector cells are (compared to omni cells):
•           Increased coverage area per site (by the use of higher gain antennas)
•           Possibility of mechanical tilting antennas (to reduce unwanted interference)
•           Simpler antenna mounting (reduced clearance to prevent interaction with other antennas).

Disadvantages of sector cells are:
•           More equipment required at each site
•           Greater environmental impact (more antennas)
•           Longer frequency re-use distance for a given C/I
•           Increased cell handovers.

Comments

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9 March 2019 at 18:19
Jan Afridi said…
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9 March 2019 at 18:24
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