TelecomStudy18

The International Organization introduced the OSI layer for Standardization (ISO) in 1984 in order to provide a reference model to make sure products of different vendors would interoperate in networks. OSI is short for Open System Interconnection. The OSI layer shows WHAT needs to be done to send data from an application on one computer, trough a network, to an application on another computer, not HOW it should be done.  A layer in the OSI model communicates with three other layers: the layer above it, the layer below it, and the same layer at its communication partner. Data transmitted between software programs passes all 7 OSI layers. The Application, Presentation and Session layers are also known as the Upper Layers. The Data Link and Physical layers are often implemented together to define LAN and WAN specifications.   Application Layer (Layer 7) Application Layer provides network services directly to applications. Type of software programs vary a lot: fr...

Let us now understand the difference between transmission and communication. Transmission means physical movement of information from one point to another. Communication means meaningful exchange of information between the communicating devices. Example Two persons, one knowing English language only and the other knowing French language only cannot communicate with each other. Here transmission is taking place, but communication is not there. Therefore, for communication, we need much more than the transmission. For communication, we must have the same language, i.e. Data codes should be understood both by transmitter and the receiver. Moreover, receiver should be in a position to receive, i.e. Timing is also very important. We have two types of communication : (1)                Synchronous Communication. (2)                Asynchrono...

The features Remote OMT (Operation and Maintenance Terminal) and Remote OMT over IP are updated to support the new RBS 6000 DUG-20/RUS-01 configurations. In MCPA backwards compatible mode, having a BTS G11A or newer in a BSS 07B-G10B network, the configuration of an MCPA is made using OMT. Configuration in MCPA single mode (BTS G11B with BSS G10B or newer) is made from the BSC, refer to Section 5.7 on page 43. All TRXs in a DUG are connected to one or several RUSs. It is the connections between RUSs and antennas that will decide which MCPAs to use for which antenna sectors (cells). Each antenna sector is configured in the OMT with the default configuration of 3*20W (3*43.0 dBm) per MCPA. If desired it is possible to choose a different number of TRXs per MCPA, and it is possible to choose some configurations where the total MCPA mean power will end up on less than 60 W (47.8 dBm). Also the levels 40W (46.0 dBm) and 20W (43.0 dBm) are available. The chosen number of TRXs...

The RBS 6000 Radio Units have built-in functionality for what would otherwise require external equipment so there is no need for installation of extra hardware for supervision and power feed for TMAs. The radio units in RBS 6000 will provide the power and also supervise standard TMAs by monitoring the current consumed by the TMA. Commands: • RXBFC, Radio X-ceiver Administration, BTS Feature Data, Change The parameter to activate Standard TMA (CSTMA) is added to this existing command. Printouts: • RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION BTS FEATURE DATA (command RXBFP) • RADIO X-CEIVER ADMINISTRATION MANAGED OBJECT CONFIGURATION DATA (command RXCDP)

Automatic IRC Tuning is used instead of Automatic FLP by operators that wants to maximize IRC (and SAIC) performance but do not use FLP. As with Automatic FLP, the feature performs daily downlink interference matrix measurements and creates synchronization clusters for synchronization status monitoring. TSC and FSOFFSET parameters are continuously supervised and automatically adjusted to network changes when needed. By using Automatic IRC Tuning an operator will get the following benefits: >Automatic configuration of IRC (Interference Rejection Combining) related parameters: - TSC for hopping channel groups. - FSOFFSET for neighbor cells that are GPS synchronized. By this co-TSC interference can be suppressed. > Maximum gain from IRC and SAIC. > Possibility to monitor synchronization status for Synchronized Radio Network cells. Automatic IRC Tuning is allowed to be activated in the same BSC as Automatic FLP. When both features are active in the same cell it...

Automatic FLP will enable operators to run Frequency Load Planning (FLP) networks, including Synchronized Radio Networks, with minimum effort and maximum performance. The feature performs daily downlink interference matrix measurements and creates synchronization clusters for synchronization status monitoring. FLP parameters are continuously supervised and automatically adjusted to network changes when needed due to for instance lost synchronization, addition of TRX HW, or changes in hopping frequency sets. The parameters that are put under direct BSC control by Automatic FLP activation are, HSN, FNOFFSET, MAIOs, TSC and FSOFFSET. By using Automatic FLP an operator will get the following benefits: ·           Maximum capacity gain from FLP (best parameter configuration always used. Parameter settings can be kept continuously optimized) ·          Maximizes performance in all types of FLP networks (for example low...

  Broadcasts LTE system information in the GSM network to enable idle and packet transfer  mode cell reselection from GSM to LTE networks. Each GSM cell broadcasts information about: • Neighboring cells (WCDMA and LTE) • Thresholds for IRAT • Priority between GSM, WCDMA and LTE cells The information is broadcasted in the GSM network via the system information message SI2quater. The main purpose with priority based cell reselection is to allow reselection to LTE, but at the same time it also introduces cell reselection based on priority towards WCDMA. This is an alternative to the existing non priority based cell reselection to WCDMA. When cell reselection to LTE is used, cell reselection to WCDMA will be priority based as well. In MSs not supporting priority based cell reselection, the non-priority based cell reselection to WCDMA is used if the feature "GSM-UMTS Cell Reselection and Handover" is activated. Commands and Printouts • RLSRI: Radio Contro...